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This paper attempts to evaluate the current collaborative model of disaster management initiated by the Indonesian Government at the regional level. The paper aims at providing recommendations for a more functional model of local communities' resilience by promoting the synergy of roles among the community, industry and local government.

To achieve the study objective, the authors conducted the qualitative approach. The study used The Hyogo Framework to Action (HFA) 2000–2015 disaster management approach. The HFA approach contains substances of disaster management guidelines on social, economic and environmental aspects, as well as the strategies for implementing the guidelines.

The study's findings have indicated that substandard institutions can hamper collaborative processes and lower the level of community resilience. A collaborative model can appropriately operate when the formal institution plays its role as the central coordinator and ensures that transparency, decision-making and representation are met. Furthermore, the community and formal educational institutions are essentials as the foundation of building community resilience.

This study was limited to a case study in an Indonesian popular tourist destination. Hence, it could be extended by conducting comparative studies with other destinations in developing countries to explore their disaster management and the government involvement in each respective countries.

This study was limited to a case study in an Indonesian popular tourist destination. Hence, it could be extended by conducting comparative studies with other destinations in developing countries to explore their disaster management and government involvement in each respective country.

In this paper, the authors propose a novel approach to improve the current disaster management model. The proposed approach focuses on designing an institutional model for tourism destinations' disaster management, where the stakeholders are less-functional in working collaboratively. The study findings suggest that educational institutions and disaster communities must take the mediator role in bridging knowledge transfer among the government, the community and the tourism industry.

The research aims to classify halal hotels based on Islamic values as embodied in both physical and non-physical attributes.

This study explores the perceived values of business owners of the halal hotels.

Perceptions of hotel owners are divided into three types: those who view the value of halal hotel only in terms of branding and attracting consumers; those who consider the ideology behind halal hotels based on strong Islamic values; and those who avoid halal branding but implement Islamic values in their hotels. For the hotel industry, halal certification is not a priority because a minimum effort at implementing halal standards can already attract Muslim customers. This case is especially true for countries where Muslims make up the majority of the population.

This study was limited to a case study in Bandung and Bangkok as a representative of halal tourism in Asia. Hence, it could be extended by conducting comparative studies with other cities in Association of South East Asian Nation which already declare to develop halal tourism.

The findings of this research show that there is a large variety of halal hotel products, depending on the Islamic values upheld, which is causing difficulties for the government in creating standards. Then the result can help inform the government in establishing the strategic framework of halal tourism development, more particularly in the formulation of policy for industrial actors.

The findings contribute to the concept of product-centered business, in which it is generally assumed that industrial actors are frequently focused on the mere label of “halal” and ignore the true values. However, the research shows that some industrial actors put Islamic values first instead of the mere halal label, and another case shows that some of them implement Islamic values in their business but avoid halal branding. This empirical evidence shows that in halal hotels, the concept of product-centered is not always proper. The quality of halal hotel products depends on the Islamic value of the owner, not always influenced by business imperatives.

The paper aims to examine the effect of physical distancing control on the intention to travel during the pandemic and to assess the influence of knowledge, social concern and perceived risk on the theory of planned behavior (TPB).

A total of 1,068 Indonesian respondents through a purposive sampling approach, filled out online questionnaires during the pandemic. The collected data were analyzed using partial least squares-structural equation modeling.

The results indicated that subjective norm as the external factor of the TPB has a stronger effect than the internal factors; attitude and behavioral control. It appears that in a collectivist society, prohibition enforced by family and friends, as well as the government’s sanctions have a stronger influence on one’s decision to travel. The findings also suggested that knowledge, perceived risks and social concern effect tourists’ behavior. Uncertainty and inadequate knowledge will decrease the level of perceived risk, which leads to lower control in practicing physical distancing and increasing intention to travel during the pandemic.

The research has limitations in its use of a convenient sampling method. This method may not represent the whole population, causing the results to be difficult for generalization. There is also the need for extending the TPB model with different variables in the context of tourism and pandemic. This study enriches the existing tourism literature by applying TPB to examine tourists’ behavior during the Covid-19 pandemic, focusing on knowledge, social concern and perceived risk theory.

This paper offers useful insights for tourism planners in the government and private destination management levels. It is crucial for a destination management organization to understand the relationship between knowledge, perception and social concern with tourists’ behavior while traveling during pandemics. The understanding of tourist’s behavior when traveling during the pandemic will assist in developing and creating activities and designing health protocols at tourist attractions.

This study extended the TPB to analyze tourists behavior during the pandemic by applying knowledge, social concern and perceived risk elements.

本研究旨在解释疫情期间社交距离控制对出行意图的影响，并分析知识，社会意识和风险感知在计划行为理论中的作用。

在新冠肺炎疫情期间，通过目的性抽样的方法， 1,068名来自印度尼西亚的受访者参与了网络问卷调查。所获数据通过PLS-SEM分析。

结果表明，主观规范作为计划行为理论的外部因素比内部因素（态度和行为控制）具有更强的作用。在集体主义社会中，来自亲友的禁令以及政府的制裁似乎对旅行决策产生了更大的影响。研究结果还表明，知识、风险感知和社会关注会影响游客的行为。不确定性和知识不足将降低风险感知的水平，从而导致人们对距离控制的疏忽，并在疫情期间增加旅行意向。

该研究存在局限性在于使用了方便样本。此样本不能代表整个群体，因此研究结果可能不具有极高的普适性。未来关于疫情下出游的研究，需要继续延申计划行为理论，探讨该模型与其他变量的关联。本研究丰富了现有的游客研究，主要贡献针对计划行为理论在疫情下出游这一场景中的应用，和与知识、社会意识和风险感知的理论建构。

这项研究为公共与私人旅游区的管理做出了重要贡献。 目的地管理组织（DMO）必须了解在疫情期间的游客的行为与知识、风险感知和社会关注之间的关系。这些疫情下游客行为的理论建构能够帮助开发游客活动，并为疫情下旅游区游客健康守则提供设计参考。

这项研究是对计划行为理论的拓展，并且是对该理论模型在疫情下出游的具体应用；研究分析了此理论模型与知识、社会关注和风险感知的关联。

关键词：社交距离，疫情期间的出游，新冠肺炎疫情，计划行为理论，风险感知，社会关注

文章类型：研究论文

Este artículo analiza los efectos del control de la distancia física en la intención de viajar durante la pandemia y la influencia del conocimiento, la preocupación social y riesgo percibido en la teoría del comportamiento planificado (TPB).

A través de un sistema de muestreo por conveniencia, se obtuvo una muestra de 1.068 participantes de Indonesia que completaron la encuesta online durante la pandemia. La información recopilada fue analizada a través del PLS-SEM.

Los resultados indicaron que la norma subjetiva como factor externo de la teoría del comportamiento planificado ejerce un efecto superior al de los factores internos; actitud y control del comportamiento. Resulta que, en una sociedad colectivista, la prohibición reforzada por la familia y amigos, así como las sanciones del gobierno ejercen una influencia mayor en la decisión individual de viajar. Los resultados también sugieren que el conocimiento, los riesgos percibidos y la preocupación social afectan al comportamiento del turista. La incertidumbre y el desconocimiento disminuyen el nivel de riesgo percibido lo cual conduce a un menor control a la hora de cumplir con el distanciamiento físico y a una mayor intención de viajar durante la pandemia.

Las limitaciones de esta investigación tienen su origen en el sistema de muestreo de conveniencia utilizado en esta investigación. Este método puede no representar al total de la población, lo cual provoca dificultad en la generalización de los resultados. También existe la necesidad de ampliar el modelo de la teoría del comportamiento planificado (TPB) incorporando variables propias del contexto turístico y de la pandemia. Este estudio supone una aportación a la literatura existente en turismo al aplicar la teoría del comportamiento planeado al análisis del comportamiento de los turistas durante la pandemia del covid-19, con un enfoque en el conocimiento, la preocupación social y la teoría del riesgo percibido.

Esta investigación es de utilidad para los responsables de la planificación de la actividad turística tanto a nivel gubernamental como privado. Es crucial para que las organizaciones responsables de la gestión del destino (DMO) comprendan la relación existente entre conocimiento, percepción y preocupación social, con el comportamiento de los turistas cuando viajan en tiempos de pandemia. La comprensión del comportamiento de los turistas cuando viajan durante la pandemia ayudará a desarrollar, crear actividades y diseñar protocolos de salud en las atracciones de los turistas.

Este estudio extiende la teoría de comportamiento planificado al análisis del comportamiento de los turistas durante la pandemia a través de la aplicación del conocimiento, preocupación social y elementos de riesgo percibido.

This study seeks to comprehend if political exposure containing disapproval and different values will affect implicit knowledge sharing (KS) amongst colleagues in the organization. This research examines participants' responses to a colleague's social-media political exposure and their readiness to perform implicit KS to their colleague.

Data collection uses an online questionnaire and a vignette approach. Subsequently, data analysis for 316 finished surveys employs structural equation modelling-partial least squares (SEM-PLS).

The findings show that the perceived-value similarity of political posts of a colleague significantly and indirectly affects workers' readiness to do implicit KS. Besides, likes and trusts also significantly affect workers' readiness to perform implicit KS. While perceived-value similarity strongly shapes likes, likes significantly and positively affect trusts.

Sharing social-media postings associated with political exposure can hinder the implicit KS in organizations and is understudied in the field of knowledge management. Especially, unlike this study which focuses on private companies, previous studies have paid more attention to public enterprises. Besides, this paper's empirical verification is obtained from private organizations in Indonesia, which is also neglected by scholars.

Since its introduction in early 2000s, lesson study has been viewed as a promising and powerful approach to professional development and school improvement in Indonesia. The purpose of this article is to discuss the historical development and unique perspective of lesson study at Indonesia University of Education.

Through a systematic review of the related literature to analyse practitioners and official point of views regarding adaptability and sustainability of the lesson study effort, the author portrays the progress and challenge faced by practitioners of lesson study in Indonesia. The author also points out its “existence proof” through the “story of adaptation” in order to describe the “steady change and improvement” and the “local proof route” in practice.

The review shows consecutive changes that started from reforming student learning, teachers’ learning and empowering the learning community, though reaching the core of instructional improvement is indeed challenging.

In this paper there are two substantial lessons learned, i.e. teaching practice and reflective practice are explicated to underlie the proposed framework of substantive aspects of lesson study. Key factors are also highlighted to develop further a valuable and sustained teacher education and development in Indonesia.

This study aims to show the factors that influence the intention of Generation Z Muslims to buy halal food products through ShopeeFood.

This study used quantitative methods. The analytical technique used is partial least square-structural equation modeling with 230 respondents as a sample of Generation Z Muslims in West Java, Indonesia. This research was conducted in June 2022 by distributing questionnaires via Google Forms and social media.

The results showed that perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, religiosity and intention to buy halal food through ShopeeFood in Generation Z Muslims in West Java were in the high category. However, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control are the only ones that positively and significantly affect purchase intention.

ShopeeFood is expected to be able to identify and take advantage of the high level of intention of Generation Z Muslims to buy halal food through ShopeeFood. ShopeeFood can socialize and increase consumer attention that ShopeeFood is different from other online food delivery services. ShopeeFood can require merchants to display transparency in the composition of food products.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is perhaps the first study in the context of Generation Z Muslims in West Java, Indonesia, that deals with the perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control and religiosity on the intention to buy halal food through ShopeeFood. The study’s findings are essential in Islamic marketing and technological acceptance (ShopeeFood Apps).

The need to improve energy efficiency as an essential factor for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through green financing is one of the most important issues worldwide. It is even more important for ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) countries because of their potential for economic growth and the challenge of their environmental problems. This paper therefore addresses the question of whether and how green finance (with the proxy of issued green bonds [GBs]) promotes energy efficiency (with the proxy of energy intensity) in the ASEAN member countries.

The paper runs a two-stage generalized method of moments (GMM) system model for the quarterly data over the period 2017–2020. It also uses a linear interaction model to explore how the pandemic may affect the relationship between green finance and energy efficiency in this region.

The main results only demonstrate the short-term negative impact of GBs on energy intensity. Furthermore, per capita income, economic integration and renewable energy supply can be used as potential variables to reduce energy intensity, while modernization in ASEAN increases energy intensity. Establishment of digital green finance, long-term planning of a green finance market, trade liberalization and policies to mitigate the negative impacts of COVID-19 are recommended as golden policy implications.

The present study has several limitations. First, it accounts for explanatory variables by following a number of previous studies. This may lead to omissions or errors. Second, the empirical estimates were conducted for 160 observations due to the repositioning of GBs in ASEAN, which is not bad but not good for an empirical study.

To the best of authors' knowledge, there has not been any in-depth study focusing on the relationship between energy efficiency and green financing for the case of ASEAN economies.

The implementation of income-generating still faces problems, such as the lack of well-established internal control and differences in implementation in each unit. This study aims to analyze internal controls, financial viability (FV) and leadership qualities (LQ) in the implementation of income-generating in Indonesian higher education.

This study is quantitative and uses a causal approach. The population of this research is the unit leader and the person in charge of the activity that generates income, with a total sample of 111 people. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling. Data were analyzed using moderation regression analysis (MRA) with the WrapPLS (partial least square) analysis tool.

The results indicate that internal control and FV significantly affect the management of income-generating. The existence of LQ as a moderating variable can moderate and weaken the influence of internal controls and FV on the management of income-generating. In this finding, the unit leader and the person in charge of activities that generate income in higher education need to improve managerial skills, including ethics, uphold integrity, clear vision, quick adaption, honestly and trust so that the management of income-generating can achieve higher education goals more effectively and efficiently.

This research shows that universities need to create a good environment to build an ecosystem that can improve the management. The university encourages the good management by strengthening the leadership. However, the research has a limitation: the study was only conducted in one state university.

The implementation of income generation in the public financial management system of legal entity universities requires accountability for sources of income so that internal controls and the role of finance are needed to ensure the continuity of universities.