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Explores the changing relationship between work and leisure with particular reference to women’s equality in economic and other activities through a review of the history of leisure opportunities since the industrial revolution; indicates the ways in which social and economic changes have had a major impact on women’s leisure needs and activities. Focuses in particular on the provision of workplace fitness facilities, undertaking a survey of more than 200 companies across a number of industry sectors (the rationale for selection is outlined here) to discover the reasons behind such provision and the actual facilities provided; identifies the reasons behind provision as primarily commercial (e.g. being seen as an additional benefit to help recruit high quality employees) and notes that assessment of user group needs was not carried out, with the result that women’s particular needs tended not to be taken into account, for example gyms (favoured by men) being more widely provided than space for aerobic exercise (favoured by women). Concludes that the findings strongly suggest that women remain unequal in their leisure as well as working lives.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the effects of transformational leadership (TL) on radical and incremental innovation through the mediating roles of knowledge sharing (KS) behaviors. This study also attempts to bring deeper insight of the correlation among the latent factors by examining how knowledge-centered culture (KCC) moderates the effects of TL on KS behaviors and innovation capability.

This study conducts a questionnaire survey and Structural Equation Modeling to test the proposal research model based on a sample of 321 participants in 85 service and manufacturing firms.

The results revealed that KS behaviors significantly mediate the relationship between TL and two types of innovation. Specifically, knowledge collecting has more significant effect on incremental innovation compared with influence of knowledge donating. By contrast, knowledge donating has a greater effect on radical innovation compared with effect of knowledge collecting. The paper also highlights the important role of KCC in enhancing the effects of TL on KS activities and innovation capabilities.

The study has highlighted the important role of KCC as it positively moderates the influences of TL on KS and innovation capability.

The study provides evidence that TL style is the main driving force of KS processes. Managers should prioritize practicing this leadership style to improve employees' KS behaviors and firm's innovation capability.

The study significantly fills the gaps in the literature that emphasizes how KS behaviors induce different impacts on specific aspects of innovation capability. By exploring the moderator of KCC, the paper significantly contributes to advancing the understanding of how transformational leaders foster employees' KS behaviors for improving radical and incremental innovation.

Purpose – To outline the arguments and consequent legislation that prohibited and then allowed alcohol consumption by fans in Brazilian sports arenas since 1996.

Design/methodology/approach – We present the social and political debates regarding alcohol consumption by sports fans having the Brazilian legislation as a starting point and using the multiple streams framework (Kingdon, 1995). We identify the problems, policies and politics streams on three phases: the prohibition of sale and consumption of alcohol in sport stadiums, the exceptional allowance for the 2014 FIFA World Cup and its consequences on state laws five years after the 2014 event.

Findings – Violence among football supporters was the focal event to approve laws prohibiting alcohol consumption in sports arenas. For the 2014 FIFA World Cup, the sport governing body demanded the opposite, so Brazil and some states approved an exception to their laws. Since then, states see an opportunity to allow the sale and consumption of alcohol in and around the stadiums, questioning the relationship between alcohol and violence. These state laws are under examination by the Supreme Court because they may counteract a national law.

Research limitations/implications – Public safety is the key justification to uphold the laws, but a lack of empirical data and research delimit the arguments on how beneficial alcohol prohibition is to suppress supporters' violence. Lawmakers and groups of interest may also include beer industry lobbying strategies and health-related issues as relevant variables in the debate, although they are not discussed in this chapter.

Introduction: Micro and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) represent approximately 99.7% of enterprises in the EU, USA, Japan and about 98.7% in the Republic of Moldova. They provide two-thirds of private sector jobs and contribute more than half of the total value added created by existing businesses. Under these conditions, various action programmes are adopted to increase the competitiveness of SMEs through research and innovation and to improve access to finance. In addition, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has stimulated new reflections on economic recovery, reconstruction and strengthening the resilience of SMEs.

Aim: This chapter aims to give an overview of the SME development, the credit market, access to finance and leasing and to analyse the regulatory framework in terms of quantitative and qualitative criteria for SME classification and the advantages and shortcomings of credit guarantees in the Republic of Moldova. Moreover, in doing this it aims to examine the credit market trends in the SMEs sector and their impact on SMEs’ performance and development.

Method: This chapter uses quantitative data for trend analyses in order to investigate the SMEs access to the credit market, the effectiveness of SME potential funding sources in the Republic of Moldova and the impact of the pandemic on SME development.

Findings: The study found significant and positive role of the credit market in the SME sector development and positive impact on SME performance and economic development. Thus, the study concluded that in order for SMEs to remain competitive and profitable it is very important that they focus on innovation and continuously seek ways to access financial resources on the credit market. During the recent financial crisis, numerous commercial banks focussed considerable attention to SME funding via lending facilities and programmes specifically dedicated to the SME sector.

Originality of the Study: This chapter provides evidence on SME access to finance on the Moldovan credit market over the 2015–2020 period by using statistics on credit to both financial and non-financial markets and offers new insights into the topic area by emphasising the importance of the SMEs financing portfolio for the Moldova economic development.

Implications: The results of this chapter suggest that the future research would be aided by improvements in the collection of more data on the pandemic period and new financial techniques and practical products available on the credit market of SME.

Due to the vital role of innovation for firms to respond effectively to the rapid changes of business environment, the purpose of this study is to explore the influence of transformational leadership (TL) on innovation capability of firms via mediating role of knowledge management capability (KMC). It attempts to deepen insight on the moderating mechanism of innovation culture (IC) in enhancing the effects of KMC on two specific aspects of innovation capability namely product and process innovation.

The paper utilized structural equation modeling (SEM) and cross-sectional design to test hypotheses in the proposed research model using data collected from 339 participants in 75 manufacturing and service firms in China.

The findings indicate that TL directly or indirectly affect firm's innovation via mediating role of KMC. The findings highlight that influences of KMC on aspects of innovation capability are different and depended on the degree of innovative climate in an organization.

Future research should examine the mediating mechanisms of knowledge acquisition, knowledge sharing and knowledge application to provide deeper insight on specific roles of knowledge management's constituents in linking TL and innovation capability.

This study contributes to bridging research gaps in the literature and advancing the insights of how TL directly and indirectly fosters product and process innovation via mediating roles of KMC. By investigating moderating role of IC, this study has provided the valuable initiatives and integration view of a new mechanism to foster specific dimensions of innovation capability of firms in developing and emerging market.

Given the important role of frugal innovation for firms in the developing and emerging countries, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of transformational leadership (TL) on frugal innovation through the mediating roles of tacit and explicit knowledge sharing.

The paper used a quantitative research method and structural equation modeling to test the relationship among the latent factors based on a sample of 339 participants from 120 Vietnamese firms.

Findings reveal the significant impacts of TL on aspects of frugal innovation, namely, frugal functionality, frugal cost and frugal ecosystem. Moreover, the paper highlights the mediating roles of tacit and explicit knowledge sharing (KS) in the relationship between TL and frugal innovation in terms of frugal functionality and frugal cost.

To bring a deeper understanding of the benefits and important role of knowledge resources, future research should investigate the potential mediating mechanisms of knowledge management processes in the relationship between specific leadership styles and frugal innovation.

The paper provides a valuable understanding and novel approach for managers and directors of firms in developing and emerging countries to improve their firms’ frugal innovation capability through leadership practice and knowledge resources.

This study contributes to bridging research gaps in the literature and advances the insights of how TL directly and indirectly fosters frugal innovation via mediating roles of tacit and explicit KS.

Drawing on social exchange theory, this paper aims to clarify the influences of ethical leadership (EL) on knowledge-sharing (KS) behaviours of employees through the mediating roles of affective- and cognitive-based trust in leadership. This work further offers deeper insight into the moderating mechanism of distributive justice in the EL–KS relationship.

Structural equation modelling (SEM) is used to investigate the influential degree of EL, aspects of employee trust in leadership and distributive justice on employee behaviours towards tacit and explicit knowledge via data collected from 339 participants in 75 Vietnamese firms.

The empirical findings reveal that employee trust in leadership positively mediates the relationship between EL and KS behaviours. In particular, distributive justice significantly fosters the impacts of EL on tacit and explicit KS behaviours.

Managers and practitioners should strengthen EL practices to build and maintain employee trust in them for promoting KS behaviours. In addition, research highlights the necessity of establishing distributive justice in organisations to enhance the effect of EL on KS behaviours of employees.

This paper is unique in its attempts to advance the insights on the theory of leadership and knowledge management by investigating the different moderated-mediation mechanisms in the relationship between EL and specific aspects of KS behaviours.

Due to the vital role of frugal innovation (FI) for firms in developing and emerging economies, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of transformational leadership (TL) and knowledge sharing (KS) on FI of firms in supply chains. This study aims to bring deeper insight on the correlation among the constructs by exploring and analyzing the moderating effect of collaborative culture (CC) in the KS-FI relationship.

The paper used the quantitative approach and structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the relationship among the latent factors in the proposed research model using data collected from 381 participants in 116 manufacturing and service firms.

The findings revealed that TL might be an important precursor to induce significant influences on FI directly or indirectly through its effect on active and passive KS processes in supply chains. In addition, the paper highlights the moderating role of CC in strengthening the impact of KS processes on FI.

The paper provides a valuable understanding and novel approach for managers to improve firms' FI capability through leadership practice and KS processes. The research findings support the idea that FI capability of firms in developing and emerging nations will be significantly enhanced if leaders are interested in practicing TL style and fostering a climate of collaboration within organization.

This study contributes to bridging research gaps in the literature and advancing the insights of how TL directly and indirectly fosters FI via mediating roles of active and passive KS processes in supply chains under the climate of collaboration.

Owing to the growing importance of frugal innovation to the development of firms in the developing and emerging countries, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of inclusive leadership (IL) on frugal innovation through the mediating roles of tacit and explicit knowledge sharing (EK). It also explores the possible moderating role of competitive intensity (CI) in the relationship between knowledge sharing (KS) and frugal innovation.

This study collected data via a questionnaire survey of a sample of 325 participants from 112 manufacturing and service firms to validate the relationship between inclusive leadership, knowledge sharing behaviors, competitive intensity and frugal innovation. Structural equation modeling and regression are adopted to estimate the effects of inclusive leadership on frugal innovation through the mediating role of knowledge sharing and moderating role of competitive intensity.

Findings reveals the significant impacts of inclusive leadership on aspects of knowledge sharing and frugal innovation. Moreover, the influences of tacit and explicit knowledge sharing on frugal innovation capability are enhanced in the intensive competitive environments.

Future research should investigate the potential moderating role of perceived organizational support in the relationship between specific aspects of knowledge sharing behaviors and frugal innovation.

The paper provides a valuable understanding and novel approach for managers and directors of firms in developing and emerging countries to improve frugal innovation capability through inclusive leadership practices and promotion of knowledge sharing in organizations.

The paper is unique in its attempt to fill theoretical gaps on the relationship between inclusive leadership and frugal innovation, and advance the insights of how inclusive leadership directly and indirectly fosters frugal innovation via mediating roles of tacit and explicit knowledge sharing.

The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of transformational leadership (TL) on firm's frugal innovation. It also deepens understanding of appropriate mechanisms and conditions to improve specific aspects of frugal innovation namely frugal functionality, frugal cost and frugal ecosystem by examining the mediating role of knowledge management capability (KMC) and moderating mechanism of collaborative culture.

The paper utilized structural equation modeling and cross-sectional design to test hypotheses in the proposed research model using data collected from 351 participants in 112 Vietnamese firms.

The findings indicate that KMC significantly mediates TL's effects on aspects of firm's frugal innovation namely frugal functionality, frugal cost and frugal ecosystem. In addition, the influence of KMC on frugal functionality is different and depended on the extent of collaborative culture in an organization.

The paper has significantly contributed to increasing the understanding of the link between TL and specific aspects of frugal innovation by highlighting the important role of KMC and positive effects of collaborative climate in an organization.

The paper is unique in the attempts to provide the valuable initiatives and integration view of leadership practices for improving specific dimensions of frugal innovation of firms in developing and emerging market.