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Following the trait activation theory, this study aims to shed light on the influence of tourists’ personality traits on their value co-destruction (VCD) behavior in “revenge tourism”, considering the moderating effect of perceived risk as the environment factor.

A pilot study (n = 204) was first conducted to check the reliability of the measurement scale and remove inappropriate items. Thereafter, a convenience sampling method was used for data collection in the main survey among people (n = 330) who have at least one traveling experience after COVID-19 tourism restrictions have been terminated. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were performed for data analysis to testify the theoretical framework proposed.

Results of SEM analysis show that both resilience and altruism of tourists reduced their VCD behavior. What’s more, perceived risk has been found to moderate the relationship between altruism and VCD behavior. As perceived risk increased, the negative impact of altruism on VCD behavior would be weaken.

VCD have been recently emphasized as a key block to the development of tourism industry. This study examines VCD behavior following the trait activation theory. Results of the study can provide new insights on how to mitigate VCD, which would contribute to the preparation for future tourism crisis management, such as the next pandemic.

根据特质激活理论, 本研究旨在揭示游客人格特质及环境因素对“报复性旅游”中价值共毁行为的影响。

本研究先通过预调研检验测量量表的可靠性, 并删除不适当的项目。正式调研采用便利抽样法, 研究对象为COVID-19旅游限制终止后有过至少有一次旅行经历的人群, 共收到330份有效问卷。本研究采用验证性因子分析及结构方程模型进行数据分析, 对提出的理论模型进行验证。

SEM分析结果显示, 游客的弹性和利他主义都降低了他们的价值共毁行为。此外, 感知风险调节利他主义与价值共毁行为之间的关系。随着感知风险的增加, 利他主义对价值共毁行为的负面影响会减弱。

价值共毁是旅游业发展的一个重要障碍。本研究以特质激活理论为基础, 研究游客价值共毁行为。本研究可以为如何减少价值共毁行为提供有价值的建议, 有助于为未来的旅游危机管理做好准备, 如下一次大流行病。

Siguiendo la Teoría de la Activación del Rasgo, el estudio tiene como objetivo arrojar luz sobre la influencia de los rasgos de la personalidad de los turistas en su comportamiento de codestrucción de valor en el “turismo de venganza”, considerando el efecto moderador del riesgo percibido como el factor de entorno.

En primer lugar, se realizó un estudio piloto (n = 204) para comprobar la fiabilidad de la escala de medición y eliminar los ítems inadecuados. Posteriormente, se utilizó un método de muestreo de conveniencia para la recogida de datos de la encuesta principal entre personas (n = 330) que tuvieran, al menos, una experiencia de viaje tras la finalización de las restricciones turísticas derivadas del COVID-19. Para la evaluación del marco teórico propuesto se utilizó el análisis factorial confirmatorio y los modelos de ecuaciones estructurales.

Los resultados del análisis de ecuaciones estructurales muestran que tanto la resiliencia como el altruismo de los turistas redujeron su comportamiento de codestrucción de valor. Además, se ha comprobado que el riesgo percibido modera la relación entre el altruismo y el comportamiento de codestrucción de valor. A medida que aumenta el riesgo percibido se debilita el impacto negativo del altruismo en el comportamiento de codestrucción de valor.

Recientemente se ha destacado que la codestrucción de valor es un obstáculo clave para el desarrollo de la industria turística. Este estudio examina el comportamiento de codestrucción de valor siguiendo la Teoría de la Activación del Rasgo. Los resultados del estudio pueden proporcionar nuevos conocimientos sobre cómo mitigar la codestrucción de valor, lo que contribuiría a la preparación de la gestión de futuras crisis turísticas, como la próxima pandemia.

Enlightened by the theoretical framework of adapted protection motivation, this study aims to explore and assess the viability and resilience of hospitality consumption in the ongoing Covid-19 era as embodied in the activity of staycation, which is gaining popularity as a rare escape from the hemming in of the pandemic.

This study collects data from staycation guests in Hong Kong, which at the time was under semi-lockdown imposing compulsory quarantine for inbound visitors. The data was analyzed through structural equation modeling (SEM).

It is revealed by the study results that staycation experiences in Hong Kong are underpinned by a full mediating effect between place attachment and experience quality is performed by sense of presence, together with consolidation of experience quality and psychological detachment as tenable mediators in the research model. Aside from the utilitarian and hedonic values, hospitality and tourism consumption have been engrained with profound socio-cultural implications congenial to the collective identities, recollection and contemplation of a civilized society, with the Covid-19 era and the foreseeable future expected to be no exception.

The results of this study can serve as reference regarding better planning and development of the staycation product as effective responses against the grave repercussions of the Covid-19 pandemic by hotel and hospitality practitioners and destination marketers and managers at large. In particular, the pandemic has inadvertently availed the opportunity for the destinationalization of the hotel and hospitality sector, with rich implications for industrial consolidations and coordination with destination authorities.

The holistic structural research model derived and empirically examined entails major antecedents and consequences of the experience quality of staycation guests in locked-down Hong Kong, with the incorporation of the variables of place attachment and extended conceptualization of sense of presence accounting for the efficacy factors of the staycation takers in terms of locality and recollection appraisals, respectively. This study enriches theoretical articulations on staycation as the new normal of hospitality consumption in the lingering pandemic era.

Twenty Australian academic libraries participated in a recent survey of the use of CD‐ROM products in their acquisitions sections. While CD‐ROM technology was found to be one of the main utilities used in acquisitions, it was evident that not all available functions were fully utilised by acquisitions staff, The project focused on the following issues: the most widely used CD‐ROM products, preferred applications, searching techniques employed, preferred attributes, and desired future developments in CD‐ROM capabilities.

This study aims to explore the influence of psychological empowerment on the career competencies of Generation Y employees and the relationship between empowerment and career satisfaction.

Generation Y working in the hospitality industry comprised the target population of this study. A total of 500 questionnaires were distributed, and 458 valid questionnaires were obtained. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data and to test the causal relationships among the constructs.

Psychological empowerment was positively related to career competencies and career satisfaction. Moreover, the four dimensions of psychological empowerment, namely, impact, competence, self-determination and meaning, also contributed positively to the career competencies and satisfaction of Generation Y. Findings indicated that empowerment was an important predictor of career management among young employees.

The limitation of this study is the use of convenience sampling method, with participants selected according to their accessibility. Future studies should collect a reasonably broad sample by using probability sampling methods.

The findings of this study provided useful guidance to manage and empower Generation Y employees. First, the importance of psychological empowerment to enhance the career competencies and satisfaction of young employees was proved. Second, this study provided detailed information on how to empower Generation Y employees. Third, this study may help to retain qualified employees by empowering and supporting their career development.

This study highlighted the importance of empowerment in managing Generation Y employees. Once Generation Y employees are trusted and empowered, they tend to perform well in both their job and career. Findings indicated that the four factors of psychological empowerment had different contributions to careers of the employees. Results suggest that managers should attempt to assign challenging and meaningful tasks to young employees and to increase their responsibility and impact in the organization. To attract and retain qualified young employees, career competences should be enhanced to achieve a level of career satisfaction.

This study presented new findings on Generation Y and the outcomes of psychological empowerment. Initial evidence on the contribution of empowerment to the career issues of the new generation was proved. The findings outlined detailed information on psychological empowerment by exploring the function of its four factors. The results may serve as a foundation for future research on empowerment and career issues of Generation Y.

The purpose of this paper is to provide a broad preliminary overview and critical viewpoint on the current state of customer experience innovation and strategy in Thailand.

This paper outlines and critically analyses the key trends based on 15 prime instances of customer experience innovation from the past ten years in Thailand across three industries: retail, fuel service and insurance.

Customer experience in Thailand is still in its nascent stage. This is because firms are yet to realise their full potential as critical brand differentiators. Many Thai firms also miss collaboration opportunities with external partners when innovating customer experiences. This is despite the overwhelming contributions from local SMEs to breakthrough innovations and creativity. Consequently, many customer experience innovations in Thailand are yet to be truly memorable and unique.

This is the first paper that critically examines the trends in customer experience across the retail, fuel service and insurance. It is also the only paper that outlines strategic implications of customer experience strategies and innovations to date for Thailand. Both future research topics and managerial implications for Thai professionals are discussed in the paper.

This paper aims to compare the Greek and Chinese rhetorical traditions and explore their influences on today’s business and marketing communication across relevant cultures. In particular, it uses the Aristotelian persuasive orientations as reference points to introduce the Chinese rhetoric, and interpret cultural differences in persuasion from a historical and sociocultural perspective. It has been found that Greek and Chinese rhetoric and persuasion were developed to meet the needs of the social and cultural environments and this rule still applies to today’s business communication. The logical approach has been emphasised in the English rhetorical tradition while both qing (emotional approach) and li (logical approach) are the focus of persuasion in the Chinese tradition. This difference is also the root of cultural differences in modern business communication. Findings from both English and Chinese texts and data are examined to substantiate our focal argument.

The purpose of this paper is to provide a critical historical analysis of the business (mis)behaviors and influencing factors that discourage enduring cooperation between principals and agents, to introduce strategies that embrace the social values, economic motivation and institutional designs historically adopted to curtail dishonest acts in international business and to inform an improved principal–agent theory that reflects principal–agent reciprocity as shaped by social, political, cultural, economic, strategic and ideological forces

The critical historical research method is used to analyze Chinese compradors and the foreign companies they served in pre-1949 China.

Business practitioners can extend orthodox principal–agent theory by scrutinizing the complex interactions between local agents and foreign companies. Instead of agents pursuing their economic interests exclusively, as posited by principal–agent theory, they also may pursue principal-shared interests (as suggested by stewardship theory) because of social norms and cultural values that can affect business-related choices and the social bonds built between principals and agents.

The behaviors of compradors and foreign companies in pre-1949 China suggest international business practices for shaping social bonds between principals and agents and foreign principals’ creative efforts to enhance shared interests with local agents.

Understanding principal–agent theory’s limitations can help international management scholars and practitioners mitigate transaction partners’ dishonest acts.

A critical historical analysis of intermediary businesspeople’s (mis)behavior in pre-1949 (1840–1949) China can inform the generalizability of principal–agent theory and contemporary business strategies for minimizing agents’ dishonest acts.

This study examines how informal business networks achieve marketing goals in socially uncertain contexts. Drawing from multiple historical sources, Shangbangs, a type of business network that thrived in pre-1949 China, are analyzed.

The Critical Historical Research Method (CHRM) undergirds a study of Shangbangs’ historicity (i.e. their socio-historically embedded multiplicity, including organizational forms, activities and connotations.

As informal regional, professional, project-based, special-product-based or mixed marketing networks, Shangbangs relied on “flexible specialization” and coupled multiple business needs to market goods and services, business organizations, specific social values and, when necessary, to debrand business rivals.

This analysis extends theories about marketing networks by probing their subtypes, diverse marketing activities, multipronged channels and relationship building with social entities (including underground societies, business associations and guilds) in response to pre-1949 China’s market uncertainties. Substantiating an alternative approach to “flexible specialization” and marketing innovations within the pre-1949 Chinese economy shows how a parallel theoretical framework can complement western-based marketing theories.

This first comprehensive analysis of Shangbangs, an innovative historical Chinese marketing network outside the conventional market-corporate dichotomy, can inform theory building for marketing strategy-making and management conditioned by social contexts.

Understanding health experts' online free knowledge contribution behavior is vital for promoting health knowledge and improving health literacy. This study focuses on the spillover effects of different monetary incentive levels on health experts' free knowledge contribution behavior.

In 2016, Zhihu Live and Zhi Hu were launched as two types of paid knowledge products on Zhihu.com, a hybrid knowledge exchange platform. Focusing on the policy impact of launching Zhihu Live and Zhi Hu, this study uses the difference-in-differences model to analyze the heterogeneous spillover effects of high-yield and low-yield monetary incentives on health experts' free knowledge contribution behavior.

In the short term, the high-yield monetary incentive has positive spillover effects on the quantity and quality of free knowledge contribution while the low-yield monetary incentive generates opposite effects. In the long term, the effects of the high-yield monetary incentive remain significantly positive. The effect of the low-yield monetary incentive on the quantity of free knowledge contribution remains significantly negative, but its effect on the quality of free knowledge contribution is not significant.

This study combines theories of reciprocity and resource limitation to study the spillover effects of different monetary incentive levels on health experts' online behavior. The short-term and long-term effects of different monetary incentive levels on health experts' online behavior are also explored.