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1 – 3 of 3Takumi Kato, Yuko Endo, Sayu Fujiwara, Yu Zhu, Takahiko Umeyama and Susumu Kamei
As a measure against plastic waste, Coca-Cola and Evian have begun introducing label-free plastic bottles. Food labels have long been recognized as an important marketing tool…
Abstract
Purpose
As a measure against plastic waste, Coca-Cola and Evian have begun introducing label-free plastic bottles. Food labels have long been recognized as an important marketing tool, but there is a lack of research on label-free products. To address this gap, this study examined the influence of label-free design on product attractiveness in the Japanese green tea market.
Design/methodology/approach
If existing products are used in an experiment, respondents would be subject to brand image bias. Hence, by mechanically combining the main design elements (cap shape, bottle style, decoration line, logo and label) with an orthogonal array, the conditions for bottles with and without labels are completely aligned. The authors conducted an online survey and applied the chi-square test to the attractiveness of 18 designs presented in random order.
Findings
Label-free designs were more attractive to consumers than labeled designs. The effect was higher among female, middle-aged and older adults; those with higher annual income and low-frequency purchasers.
Practical implications
Practitioners should adopt a label-free design that can satisfy both environmental considerations and customer value. It would be a formidable challenge to change the longstanding emphasis placed on label design, but this study demonstrates the value of doing so.
Originality/value
This is the first study in the package design literature on the advantages of label-free plastic bottles. The authors also applied an orthogonal array used for many years to optimize objective numerical values in marketing research.
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Takumi Yada, Eija Räikkönen, Kyoko Imai-Matsumura, Hiroshi Shimada, Rihei Koike and Aini-Kristiina Jäppinen
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the mediating role of prosociality, which is defined in terms of helping and benefitting others, between teacher collaboration and…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the mediating role of prosociality, which is defined in terms of helping and benefitting others, between teacher collaboration and their turnover intentions. Prosociality was measured as prosocial impact and prosocial motivation.
Design/methodology/approach
This study was conducted through a cross-sectional survey of 260 elementary and junior high school teachers in Japan. A structural equational model was employed to examine the mediating roles of prosocial impact and prosocial motivation in the relationships between teacher collaboration and their turnover intention.
Findings
The results, first, supported the hypotheses: the high perception of teacher collaboration in school predicted high perceived prosocial impact; high perceived prosocial impact predicted high perceived prosocial motivation; and high perceived prosocial motivation predicted decreased turnover intention. Second, results supported partial mediating roles of prosocial impact and prosocial motivation between teacher collaboration and turnover intention.
Research limitations/implications
Limitations of this study include cross-sectional data that may limit the potential for causal inferences, and self-report data. Future studies should incorporate alternative designs.
Practical implications
Results indicate that teacher collaboration contributes to less teacher turnover intention via prosociality. Thus, to enhance teachers’ prosocial impact, more opportunities to realise their collaboration should be considered.
Originality/value
This is the first study to explore the relationships between teacher collaboration and turnover intention in educational organisations with prosociality, which resides as core goals and objectives of teachers.
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Fuminobu Ozaki and Takumi Umemura
In this study, engineering stress-strain relationships considering an effect of strain rate on steel materials at elevated temperatures were formulated and a simplified analytical…
Abstract
Purpose
In this study, engineering stress-strain relationships considering an effect of strain rate on steel materials at elevated temperatures were formulated and a simplified analytical model using a two-dimensional beam element to analytically examine the effect of strain rate on the load-bearing capacity and collapse temperature was proposed.
Design/methodology/approach
The stress-strain relationships taking into account temperature, strain, and strain rate were established based on the past coupon test results with strain rate as the test parameter. Furthermore, an elasto-plastic analysis using a two-dimensional beam element, which considered the effect on strain rate, was conducted for both transient- and steady-state conditions.
Findings
The analytical results agreed relatively well with the test results, which used small steel beam specimens with a rectangular cross-section under various heating rates (transient-state condition) and deformation rates (steady-state condition). It was found that the bending strength and collapse temperature obtained from the parametric analyses agreed relatively well with those evaluated using the effective strength obtained from the coupon tests with strain equal to 0.01 or 0.02 under the fast strain rates.
Originality/value
The effect of stress degradation, including the stress-strain relationships at elevated temperature, was mitigated by considering the effect of strain rate on the analytical model. This is an important point to consider when considering the effect of strain rate on steel structural analysis at elevated temperatures to maintain analytical stability unaccompanied by the stress degradation.
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