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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1948

W. Hunziker

L'accord du 30 janvier 1948 et sa portée Dans l'article «A Tourist Currency?», paru ici même (cf. n° 1, 1948, pages 4 ss.), les accords touristiques passés le 30 janvier de cette…

Abstract

L'accord du 30 janvier 1948 et sa portée Dans l'article «A Tourist Currency?», paru ici même (cf. n° 1, 1948, pages 4 ss.), les accords touristiques passés le 30 janvier de cette année entre la Grande‐Bretagne et la Suisse ont été montrés comme un exemple de réglementation bilatérale du tourisme dans des conditions de paiement défavorables. De fait, il y a dans la conclusion de ces accords une valeur de principe. Quelle était la situation auparavant? Par suite de l'aggravation de son marché de devises, la Grande‐Bretagne avait été obligée, le 1er octobre 1947, de cesser d'accorder de l'argent pour des voyages d'agrément en Suisse. Cet état de choses ne pouvait durer pour aucune des deux parties. Il fallait trouver une solution. D'emblée, il apparaissait impossible de songer à une compensation du trafic touristique de Grande‐Bretagne en Suisse par un mouvement inverse de personnes. La Suisse n'avait que peu de touristes pour l'Angleterre. En revanche, en tant que pays du tourisme par excellence, il lui fallait avoir des hôtes britanniques. Par ailleurs, il n'était pas question pour la Grande‐Bretagne, étant donné sa situation financière difficile, de mettre à la disposition du tourisme vers la Suisse une quantité illimitée de devises, voire de l'or. Comment allait‐on surmonter ces difficultés?

Details

The Tourist Review, vol. 3 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0251-3102

Article
Publication date: 14 June 2021

Liqing La, Feifei Xu, Mingxing Hu and Chengling Xiao

The purpose of this study is to compare the spatial distribution of Airbnb and hotels in London and examine the relationship between demographic, socioeconomic and environmental…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to compare the spatial distribution of Airbnb and hotels in London and examine the relationship between demographic, socioeconomic and environmental factors and the supply of these two types of lodging supply.

Design/methodology/approach

Local information of Airbnb listings in London was collected through Insideairbnb.com. Gathered data were examined using geo-spatial auto-correlation analysis and spatial econometric models.

Findings

The results indicate that Airbnb predominates in the areas around popular tourist attractions and the peripheral areas of the city, while in the downtown area Airbnb and hotels are in the state of coexistence. The mono-centric model and the agglomeration model could be extended to the context of peer-to-peer accommodation. The location of Airbnb and traditional hotels capitalizes on different factors.

Research limitations/implications

The study is based on secondary data due to data availability. And, it is based on the case of London, so the findings may not reflect the situation of small cities and rural destinations.

Practical implications

This study not only gives suggestions for local councils to regulate the location of hotels and Airbnb but also provides professional landlords with reference to choosing Airbnb location.

Originality/value

This study extends the hotel location theoretical models into the context of Airbnb and sheds lights on the distinction between these two business models in terms of location factors.

爱彼迎和酒店的位置:空间分布和关系

目的

本研究旨在比较伦敦Airbnb和酒店的空间分布, 并探讨人口、社会经济和环境因素与这两类住宿供给的关系。

设计/方法/方法

伦敦Airbnb房源信息通过Insideairbnb.com网站收集, 采用地理空间自相关分析和空间经济计量模型进行分析。

研究发现

结果表明Airbnb主要集中在旅游景点周边和城市周边地区, 在市中心地区, Airbnb与酒店处于共存状态。单中心模型和聚集模型适用于共享住宿情境。Airbnb和传统酒店的空间分布影响因素的重要性存在差异。

独创性

本研究将酒店区位理论模型扩展到Airbnb情境下, 并揭示了这两种商业模式在区位因素方面的区别。

研究局限性

本研究采用二手数据。案例地为伦敦, 因此研究结果可能无法反映小城市和乡村旅游目的地的情况。

实际意义

地方政府应更加重视专业公司的劳动力保障并限制旅游景点周边的短期租赁。

Ubicación de los hoteles y preferencias: distribución espacial y relaciones

Propósito

El propósito de este estudio es comparar la distribución espacial de Airbnb y los hoteles en Londres y examinar la relación entre los factores demográficos, socioeconómicos y ambientales y la oferta de estos dos tipos de oferta de alojamiento.

Diseño/metodología/enfoque

La información local de los anuncios de Airbnb en Londres se recopiló a través de Insideairbnb.com. Los datos recopilados se examinaron mediante análisis de autocorrelación geoespacial y modelos econométricos espaciales.

Resultados

Los resultados indican que Airbnb predomina en las zonas aledañas a los atractivos turísticos populares y las zonas periféricas de la ciudad, mientras que en la zona centro Airbnb y los hoteles se encuentran en estado de convivencia. El modelo monocéntrico y el modelo de aglomeración podrían extenderse al contexto de la acomodación entre pares. La ubicación de Airbnb y los hoteles tradicionales se basa en diferentes factores.

Originalidad

Este estudio amplía los modelos teóricos de ubicación de hoteles en el contexto de Airbnb y arroja luz sobre la distinción entre estos dos modelos comerciales en términos de factores de ubicación.

Limitaciones de la investigación

El estudio se basa en datos secundarios debido a la disponibilidad de datos. Y se basa en el caso de Londres, por lo que los hallazgos pueden no reflejar la situación de las ciudades pequeñas y los destinos rurales.

Implicaciones practices

Los hallazgos sugieren que las autoridades locales deberían prestar más atención a la seguridad laboral de las empresas profesionales y restringir los alquileres a corto plazo alrededor de las atracciones turísticas.

Article
Publication date: 1 February 1952

J. Nikerk

Le Musée national à Amsterdam possède un portrait de Gresham, un tableau à l'huile de toute beauté, peint dans la seconde moitié du seizième siècle par Antonio Moro. Sir Thomas…

Abstract

Le Musée national à Amsterdam possède un portrait de Gresham, un tableau à l'huile de toute beauté, peint dans la seconde moitié du seizième siècle par Antonio Moro. Sir Thomas Gresham, un financier anglais réputé (1519–1579), est considéré comme le fondateur de la Bourse de Londres. Cette ville était également le berceau des assurances. Si paradoxal que cela puisse sembler, il est un fait certain que l'assurance dont le rôle consiste à prévenir l'individu des risques et à lui donner une plus grande sécurité dans la vie sociale, trouve son origine dans un pays, également connu pour la passion des paris dans tous les domaines. Un des paris les plus fantastiques qui est entré dans la littérature, fut décrit par Jules Verne dans son livre «Le Tour du Monde en 80 Jours», où Phileas Fogg, un Anglais, après bon nombre d'aventures extraordinaires gagne enfin sa gageure.

Details

The Tourist Review, vol. 7 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0251-3102

Article
Publication date: 27 July 2022

Nicole Alvino

Employee attitudes are changing: it is time to embrace Gigification. Sure enough, employees feel empowered and re-energized to set their own path in life, professionally and…

210

Abstract

Purpose

Employee attitudes are changing: it is time to embrace Gigification. Sure enough, employees feel empowered and re-energized to set their own path in life, professionally and personally, but the idea that just offering “flexibility” on where employees work will fix things, is a knee jerk reaction, and does not reflect the nuance of what is really happening. The idea that a job is no longer for life, was seen as a negative turn of phrase, to today’s it is a positive and a way of life to embrace, that means they can take the “gigs” they want, that meet their needs, and move on when it suits them.

Design/methodology/approach

For employers that want to attract the best talent, a rethink is needed addressing the needs of employees, communication, management style, benefits and the digital employee experience, from onboarding to exit.

Findings

This byline will pull in data from Firstup’s latest employee survey of 23,105 workers from across the UK, USA and Europe, and suggest a number of areas that companies can start to look at to embrace gamification, including changes to company culture, using technology to create personal experiences, upskilling the soft skills and new forms of internal communication.

Originality/value

The author offers unique insight based on her extensive experience in this space.

Details

Strategic HR Review, vol. 21 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1475-4398

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 19 August 2017

Mikel Larreina and Leire Gartzia

In the last decades, many of the most talented and promising young graduates in the developed economies have joined the financial industry. Simultaneously, ill-designed…

Abstract

In the last decades, many of the most talented and promising young graduates in the developed economies have joined the financial industry. Simultaneously, ill-designed incentives’ schemes have favored the development of a culture in which excessive greed, free-riders’ behavior, unreasonable appetite for risk, and short-term decision making have endangered the economy and, potentially, have laid the foundations for financial, economic, social, and environmental crises.

In this chapter, we review current challenges in the financial industry from the lens of human and social capital. We examine some of the factors that allowed unethical behavior and a short-term financial focus in the financial sector, examining how compensation and an extremely competitive culture became key elements that favored greedy and manipulative behavior and ultimately generated socially harmful human and social capital in the financial sector. Finally, we discuss the emergence of a number of game-changers (namely, Brexit, FinTech, the growing relevance of ethical standards, and the increasing participation of women and millennials in the industry) that might represent potential promotors of change and help restructure and reshape the financial industry.

Details

Human Capital and Assets in the Networked World
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78714-828-4

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 20 November 2018

Ricardo Solis Rosales

This essay explores the critical vision of Francisco Barrera Lavalle about the Mexico’s Monetary Reform of 1905. In his critique, Barrera inserts an argument about the nature of…

Abstract

This essay explores the critical vision of Francisco Barrera Lavalle about the Mexico’s Monetary Reform of 1905. In his critique, Barrera inserts an argument about the nature of the balance of payments in the Mexican economy: the disequilibria in Mexico’s trade balance were structurally recurrent given the characteristics of what the country exports: commodities and raw materials. Barrera believed that the authorities made the mistake of overvaluing the peso, assigning it a value higher than what silver currency was worth at the time on international markets. Barrera also dismissed the idea that monetary stability could be achieved by suspending the free coinage of silver currency. Finally, Barrera held that banks should be obligated to pay their banknotes in gold, as they were in Great Britain and in the United States, not in silver coins.

Details

Including a Symposium on Latin American Monetary Thought: Two Centuries in Search of Originality
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78756-431-2

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 3 January 2023

Huiying Zhang, Xi Yu Leung and Billy Bai

Aligned with cultural attraction theory, this study aims to propose a cultural attractiveness index (CAI) that helps tourism practitioners and scholars evaluate and track the…

Abstract

Purpose

Aligned with cultural attraction theory, this study aims to propose a cultural attractiveness index (CAI) that helps tourism practitioners and scholars evaluate and track the cultural attractiveness of urban destinations (cities) in the context of sustainable development.

Design/methodology/approach

Applying the Delphi method, a panel of experts was recruited to conduct three rounds of review to generate dimensions and determine indicators and corresponding weights. This study then verified CAI with statistical data from three sample cities (London, New York and Beijing).

Findings

A 12-item three-dimensional index structure (cultural places, cultural activities and cultural atmosphere) was created as CAI. This study also applied the CAI to compare three sample cities. The comparison identified possible aspects to be improved in developing cultural attractiveness, confirming CAI’s usefulness in fostering sustainable development.

Originality/value

The new CAI offers an effective tool for ascertaining a sustainable city’s cultural attractiveness while extending the cultural attraction theory and filling the existing gaps in the literature through a benchmark instrument. The CAI also provides an effective tool for destination managers and tourism practitioners for their sustainable initiatives in cities.

研究目的

本研究旨在于建立文化吸引力指数(CAI), 帮助旅游从业者和学者在可持续发展的背景下评估和跟踪旅游城市的文化吸引力。

研究设计/方法

本研究采用德尔菲专家咨询法, 聘请了一个专家小组对指标体系进行了三轮审查, 以建立评价维度、确定指标和相应的权重。最后, 该研究用三个样本城市(伦敦、纽约和北京)的统计数据验证了CAI。

研究成果

本文创建了一个由3个维度12项指标组成的评价指数体系CAI(文化场所, 文化活动和文化氛围)。三个样本城市的相关统计数据也验证了CAI评价体系在促进城市可持续发展方面的科学性, 也通过跨城市比较找到各自可进一步提升文化吸引力的维度。

独创性

新的CAI为衡量可持续城市的文化吸引力提供了评价体系, 填补了现有文献的空白。该CAI还为目的地管理者和旅游从业者提供了一个有效的基准工具, 以促进可持续城市发展目标的实现。

Propósito

alineado con la teoría de la atracción cultural, el estudio propone un índice de atractivo cultural (CAI) que ayuda a los profesionales y académicos del turismo a evaluar y rastrear el atractivo cultural de los destinos urbanos (ciudades) en el contexto del desarrollo sostenible.

Diseño/metodología

Aplicando el método Delphi, se reclutó un panel de expertos para realizar tres rondas de revisión para generar dimensiones y determinar indicadores y pesos correspondientes. Luego, el estudio verificó el CAI con datos estadísticos de tres ciudades de muestra (Londres, Nueva York y Beijing).

Hallazgos

Se creó como CAI una estructura de índice tridimensional de 12 ítems (lugares culturales, actividades culturales y atmósfera cultural). El estudio también aplicó el CAI para comparar tres ciudades de muestra. La comparación identificó posibles aspectos a mejorar en el desarrollo del atractivo cultural, lo que confirma la utilidad de CAI para fomentar el desarrollo sostenible en las ciudades de la muestra.

Originalidad

El nuevo CAI ofrece una herramienta eficaz para determinar el atractivo cultural de una ciudad sostenible al mismo tiempo que llena los vacíos existentes en la literatura a través de un instrumento de referencia. El CAI también proporciona una herramienta eficaz para los administradores de destinos y profesionales del turismo para sus iniciativas sostenibles en las ciudades.

Article
Publication date: 1 April 1969

Professeur René Baretje

Allemagne: l'expérience TOUROPA Amorcée dès 1932 par le Docteur Vegetier de Berlin, l'expérience de voyages collectifs fut reprise et développée dès la fin de la Deuxième Guerre…

Abstract

Allemagne: l'expérience TOUROPA Amorcée dès 1932 par le Docteur Vegetier de Berlin, l'expérience de voyages collectifs fut reprise et développée dès la fin de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale. A cette fin fut créée, en 1948, la société TOUROPA. Au départ, le capital était constitué de la manière suivante:

Details

The Tourist Review, vol. 24 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0251-3102

Article
Publication date: 17 September 2019

Jennifer Cinefra, Urbi Garay, Claudia Mibelli and Eduardo Pérez

Relatively little is known about the determinants of the prices of paintings. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the price determinants of the art of Joan Miró, one of the…

Abstract

Purpose

Relatively little is known about the determinants of the prices of paintings. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the price determinants of the art of Joan Miró, one of the great masters of Modern Art.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors analysed 255 artworks by Miró sold at Sotheby’s and Christie’s between 2003 and 2017, and performed a hedonic price regression to measure the impact of a series of variables on the prices of this artist’s works.

Findings

Miró’s works command higher prices, ceteris paribus, when they were painted on canvas, were sold at Sotheby’s and in New York City or London, were traded during the evening session and depending on the period in which they had been painted, the size of their surface area, the number of words used to describe the respective lot and whether they had appeared in an art book. The prices of Miró’s paintings increased substantially between 2003 and 2008 and then declined, coinciding with the global financial crisis of 2009.

Research limitations/implications

The results were obtained from prices established in art auctions, which represent only one portion of the market.

Originality/value

This is the first exhaustive study carried out on the determinants of the prices of Joan Miró’s works. The artist represents an ideal case due to the large number of his works that have been sold at auctions. As yet, only studies of Pablo Picasso and Andy Warhol have been conducted. Joan Miró has well-defined artistic periods, which also allows us to determine the impact on the price of the works of the period in which it was created. This paper also offers a methodological contribution to parties involved in the art sector (artists, galleries, collectors, investors, museums, etc.).

Objetivo

Se conoce relativamente poco acerca de los determinantes de los precios de las obras de arte de artistas específicos. Este estudio analiza los determinantes de los precios de las pinturas de Joan Miró, uno de los grandes maestros del arte moderno.

Diseño/Metodología/Enfoque

Se analizaron 255 pinturas de Miró que fueron vendidas en Sotheby’s y Christie’s entre 2003 y 2017, y se estimó una regresión hedónica de precios con el objetivo de medir el impacto de una serie de variables en los precios de las obras de este artista.

Hallazgos

Las obras de Miró obtuvieron precios más altos, ceteris paribus, cuando estaban puintadas sobre lienzo, se vendieron en Sotheby’s y en la ciudad de Nueva York o Londres, se subastaron durante la sesión de la noche, y dependiendo del período en que se pintaron, el tamaño de su área, la cantidad de palabras utilizadas para describir el lote respectivo y si habían aparecido en un libro de arte. Los precios de las pinturas de Miró aumentaron sustancialmente entre 2003 y 2008 y luego disminuyeron, coincidiendo con la crisis financiera mundial de 2009.

Limitaciones de la investigación/implicaciones

Los resultados se obtuvieron a partir de los precios establecidos en las subastas de arte, los cuales representan solo una porción del mercado.

Originalidad/valor

Este es el primer estudio exhaustivo realizado sobre los determinantes de los precios de las obras de Joan Miró. El artista representa un caso ideal debido a la gran cantidad de sus obras que se han vendido en subastas. Hasta el momento, solo se han realizado estudios de Pablo Picasso y Andy Warhol. Joan Miró tiene períodos artísticos bien definidos, lo que también permitió determinar el impacto que en el precio de las obras podía tener el período en que éstas se crearon. Este trabajo también ofrece una contribución metodológica a las partes involucradas en el sector del arte (artistas, galerías, coleccionistas, inversores, museos, etc.).

Details

Academia Revista Latinoamericana de Administración, vol. 32 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1012-8255

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 April 1999

Olivier Saïssi

The european market deregulation involves administrative barriers disparition. According american neo‐classic theory, all firm will be able to act in an economic sector under the…

Abstract

The european market deregulation involves administrative barriers disparition. According american neo‐classic theory, all firm will be able to act in an economic sector under the condition of rentability. Thus the european air transport sector is concerned by such evolution. All air freedom issued from the convention of Chicago are abolished. Any firm can get an air transport licence under the condition of satisfying security and financial rules. Three strategic ways could be choseen by this new actors: Confrontation, Cooperation and the concentration on unexploited commercial services.

Details

The Tourist Review, vol. 54 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0251-3102

Keywords

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